In the C-Spectrum, which type describes a traditional church with different language and culture from the surrounding community?

• A. C1
• B. C2
• C. C3
• D. C4

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is minimal contextualization: a church that keeps its own language and cultural forms, even when it’s in a surrounding culture that is different. Describing a traditional church with a different language and culture from the community fits this approach because worship, leadership, and church life reflect the originating culture rather than being adapted to the local context. It preserves a distinct identity and form, which can help maintain doctrinal and liturgical continuity but can also make the church feel separate from the surrounding people who don’t share that language or culture.

In contrast, churches that adopt the local language and customs exemplify greater contextualization, and those that are shaped more by local leadership and indigenous practices reflect another level of inculturation. But the description given clearly points to retaining traditional forms across language and culture boundaries, which is why this type is the best match.